The Geological Survey of Estonia has engaged AFRY, a Swedish-Finnish engineering and design company, to conduct a preliminary economic assessment (PEA) and pre-feasibility study (PFS) for the phosphate ore project in Toolse, Estonia.
Estonia holds some of the largest phosphorite reserves in Europe. Phosphorite is mainly valued for its phosphorus, a key ingredient in agricultural fertilisers.
The country's deposits also contain rare earth elements vital for high-tech sectors such as electronics, renewable energy and battery manufacturing.
Tapping into these resources could position Estonia as a key supplier of critical raw materials, helping to cut import reliance and boost its economic standing, according to AFRY.
AFRY will scrutinise various aspects of the phosphate mining project. It will explore the economic implications, environmental considerations and the socio-economic impact of phosphorite mining in Estonia, focusing on the production of phosphoric acid.
Geological Survey of Estonia director Sirli Sipp Kulli said: “AFRY has a solid Nordic engineering heritage with understanding of local conditions and the highest environmental and sustainability requirements.
“Through this study, we aim to build a comprehensive understanding of how Estonia's phosphorite and related resources can be utilised in a responsible and sustainable manner. Our focus is on ensuring that any potential extraction is in line with strict environmental and social considerations while providing long-term benefits to local communities, including job creation and regional economic development.”
The Geological Survey and AFRY are considering both surface and underground mining methods for the project.
Their joint efforts include assessing the feasibility of a beneficiation plant and the economic viability of the entire operation, from mining design to the production of merchant grade acid.
Phosphate mining in Estonia could lead to job creation, attract investments and support the agricultural sector. Moreover, it would bolster Estonia's self-sufficiency in critical resources and enhance its strategic position in the global supply chain, according to AFRY.
AFRY Mining & Metals head Janne Tikka said: “We are proud to be selected as a partner for this important project that can have a remarkable impact on Estonia’s economy. Drawing on our expertise, we support clients throughout the entire process, ensuring efficient and sustainable solutions. Our approach emphasises the connection between process technologies and environmental performance to drive responsible development.”
In October 2024, Steel company SSAB selected AFRY as the main engineering partner for a fossil-free steel mini-mill project in Luleå, Sweden.
